Research Article

School Heads 21st Century Instructional Leadership and Teachers’ Performance Management in Lambayong 3 District

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Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2025, 36 (7), 745-768, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.360702, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

The study investigated the profile of school heads and teachers’ respondents, the 21st century instructional leadership skills of school heads in terms of: advocacy and leadership, adult professional culture, continuous improvement of teaching expertise, and results oriented teams,  the teachers’ performance management in terms of: principals’ leadership styles, work environment, and motivation to affiliate, the category level of school heads in the National Qualifying Examination for School Heads (NQESH), the relationship of school heads 21st century instructional leadership to teachers performance management, and the relationship between NQESH results to teachers’ performance management. The study utilized quantitative type of research, a survey questionnaire was used to determine the profile of the respondents, the level of school heads 21st century instructional leadership, the teachers’ performance management, and the NQESH category of school heads. Pearson r correlation was used to determine the relationship between school heads 21st century skills and teachers’ performance management, and Chi-squared test analysis was used to determine the relationship between NQESH Category in relation to teachers’ performance management. Total enumeration sampling technique were applied to select the respondents. The Lambayong District 3 School Heads agreed that they have positive 21st century instructional leadership skills in terms of advocacy and leadership, results oriented teams, adult professional culture, and continuous improvement of teaching expertise, with an overall mean of 4.15. Moreover, there is a strong level of teachers’ performance management in terms of leadership styles, work environment, and motivation to affiliate with an overall mean of 4.34. Furthermore, the NQESH category of the school heads indicate that 7 (63.63%) belong to Category A, while 4 (36.36%) are classified under category C. Correlation results showed that 21st century instructional leadership significantly affect teachers’ performance management with a correlation coefficient (r=0.50) in Lambayong III District. Additionally, the NQESH Category of school heads has no significant effect on teachers’ performance management. In other words, a school heads classification under Category A or Category B does appear to directly influence teachers’ performance management. From the findings, the data analysis showed that the profiles of the teachers and school heads were sufficiently developed. They have the maturity to strategize school and classroom management and mend issues. School heads of Lambayong district 3 possesses the qualities indicated on the 21st century skills of instructional leadership. The study highlights the significance of a well-facilitated work environment, strong instructional leadership, and intrinsic motivation in fostering teacher effectiveness. While teachers demonstrate high levels of motivation and commitment, schools should focus on further improving access to teaching resources, promoting work-life balance, enhancing leadership development, encouraging collaborative teaching strategies, and investing in updated technological infrastructure. By addressing these key areas, schools can further enhance teacher performance and contribute to a more effective and engaging educational environment.

 

Keywords performance management 21st Century Instructional Leadership Lambayong III District NQESH
Authors 2

The team behind this paper

2 authors, 2 institutions.

This paper Pimbalayan Elementary School Department of Education — Philippines Pimbalayan Elementary S… 1 author Sultan Kudarat State University — Philippines Sultan Kudarat State Un… 1 author Louie Apellido — corresponding author LA Louie Apellido ✉ Cherry Vanessa Ventura CV Cherry Vanessa Ventura

Readership

530 reads over 19 months.

May 2025 November 2026

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This article is token #5062 of SciMatic Articles (ERC-1155): 1,000,000 tokens, minted once, never more. The chain also stores a fingerprint (SHA-256) of the article's record, so anyone can check that it has not been altered.

HolderWalletTokens
SciMatic 0xc35709…277732 100,000 (10%)
Louie Apellido 0x9723C0…82e9be 450,000 (45%)
Cherry Vanessa Ventura 0x9d58c3…65c936 450,000 (45%)
Content hash 0x4153c04940b2b327ebd2e456a24e2b0cbaca9298c5384ca0fa215b323da725a8

Bibliographic Information

Louie Apellido, Cherry Vanessa Ventura, (2025). School Heads 21st Century Instructional Leadership and Teachers’ Performance Management in Lambayong 3 District, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 36(7): 745-768
Bibtex Citation
@article{louie_apellido2025pemj,
author = {Louie Apellido and Cherry Vanessa Ventura},
title = {School Heads 21st Century Instructional Leadership and Teachers’ Performance Management in Lambayong 3 District},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2025},
volume = {36},
number = {7},
pages = {745-768},
doi = {10.70838/pemj.360702},
url = {https://scimatic.org/show_manuscript/5062}
}
APA Citation
Apellido, L., Ventura, C.V., (2025). School Heads 21st Century Instructional Leadership and Teachers’ Performance Management in Lambayong 3 District. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 36(7), 745-768. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.360702

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