A Qualitative Case Study of Professor–Student Relationship Policies at University of Rizal System, Rodriguez Campus: Basis for Proposed Policy Development

This qualitative case study examined professor-student relationship policies and guidelines at the University of Rizal System–Rodriguez Campus during the Second Semester of Academic Year 2025–2026. The study sought to evaluate the adequacy of existing policies in addressing ethical concerns arising from professor-student interactions and to identify areas for policy enhancement. Data were gathered from 35 purposively selected participants, including professors, students, and administrators, through semi-structured interviews, open-ended questionnaires, and document analysis. Methodological triangulation was employed to compare institutional policies with stakeholders' experiences and perceptions, thereby enhancing the credibility of the findings. Thematic analysis identified four major concerns: power imbalance, weak policy enforcement, fear of reporting, and the need for stronger accountability mechanisms. Participants reported experiences and perceptions related to favoritism, harassment, abuse of authority, and reluctance to report misconduct due to fear of negative consequences. Findings also suggested that while existing legal and institutional frameworks provide general guidance on professional conduct, they may not fully address issues involving coercion, favoritism, and professional boundaries within professor-student relationships. In addition, challenges were noted in the consistent implementation and enforcement of existing policies. The findings indicate the importance of strengthening policy enforcement, developing confidential and accessible reporting mechanisms, and establishing institution-specific guidelines that address power dynamics and professional boundaries. These measures may contribute to a safer, more equitable, and professionally responsible academic environment. The study provides evidence that may inform the development of localized policies aligned with the needs and experiences of key stakeholders within the institution.