Development of Targeted Lesson Exemplars for Developing Writers: The Case of Technical Vocational Livelihood Track Learners

This study examined the efficacy of teaching practices and assessment approaches in teaching technical writing within the Technical Vocational Livelihood (TVL) Track at Talipan National High School. Using a case study design, 15 students from five sections and six English teachers were purposively selected. Data were gathered through a diagnostic test to assess students’ writing proficiency, a writing scale to categorize their levels, and interviews with both teachers and students. Findings revealed that 59% of students were Developing Writers, while only 4% were Fluent Writers, showing notable gaps in proficiency. Students’ challenges included language difficulties (grammar, vocabulary, technical terms), emotional barriers (self-doubt, anxiety), technical writing complexities (format, organization), and comprehension struggles (complex texts, slow reading). Teachers addressed these through foundational skill-building, code-switching, guided practice, inquiry-based learning, and collaborative activities. The study concluded that targeted interventions are needed, recommending a holistic approach that integrates student-centered strategies and balanced assessments. Lesson exemplars with targeted instructions were developed to enhance technical writing skills.