Research Article

Nurturing Elements and Kindergarten Learners’ Competence in Public Elementary Schools

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Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2026, 56 (6), 803-812, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.560601, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

This study examined the relationship between nurturing elements in the kindergarten classroom and the competence of kindergarten learners in selected public elementary schools in the Second Congressional District of Eastern Samar, Philippines. Using a quantitative descriptive-correlational design, data were collected from 35 public kindergarten teachers through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using weighted mean and Pearson Product–Moment Correlation. Findings indicated that nurturing elements across physical, social, and instructional dimensions were consistently observed, with social elements obtaining the highest mean, followed by physical and instructional elements. Kindergarten learners were generally observed to demonstrate high levels of competence, particularly in participation, task completion, and engagement, while relatively lower performance was noted in tasks requiring recall and integration of prior knowledge. Correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between nurturing elements and learner competence, r = .708, p < .05, indicating that higher levels of nurturing classroom conditions are associated with higher levels of observed learner competence. These findings highlight the alignment between classroom environment characteristics and learners’ observable behaviors and engagement. The study underscores the importance of maintaining developmentally appropriate classroom conditions, including accessible physical environments, supportive social interactions, and structured instructional practices. However, given the study’s limited sample size and correlational design, the findings are interpreted as indicative of association rather than causation.
Keywords social development Instructional Practices Classroom Environment kindergarten education nurturing elements learner competence
Authors 2

The team behind this paper

2 authors, 1 institution.

This paper Eastern Samar State University — Philippines Eastern Samar State Uni… 2 authors Mary Grace Cadilo — corresponding author MC Mary Grace Cadilo ✉ Sherralyn Lacay SL Sherralyn Lacay

Readership

219 reads over 7 months.

May 2026 November 2026

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This article is token #7884 of SciMatic Articles (ERC-1155): 1,000,000 tokens, minted once, never more. The chain also stores a fingerprint (SHA-256) of the article's record, so anyone can check that it has not been altered.

HolderWalletTokens
SciMatic 0xc35709…277732 100,000 (10%)
Mary Grace Cadilo 0x369518…9b1FaA 450,000 (45%)
Sherralyn Lacay 0x12e198…2efc75 450,000 (45%)
Content hash 0x35186b0591ad4fc983fee1b9888bd5e00959da8615371f3f63923f8c164f6831

Bibliographic Information

Mary Grace Cadilo, Sherralyn Lacay, (2026). Nurturing Elements and Kindergarten Learners’ Competence in Public Elementary Schools, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 56(6): 803-812
Bibtex Citation
@article{mary_grace_cadilo2026pemj,
author = {Mary Grace Cadilo and Sherralyn Lacay},
title = {Nurturing Elements and Kindergarten Learners’ Competence in Public Elementary Schools},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2026},
volume = {56},
number = {6},
pages = {803-812},
doi = {10.70838/pemj.560601},
url = {https://scimatic.org/show_manuscript/7884}
}
APA Citation
Cadilo, M.G., Lacay, S., (2026). Nurturing Elements and Kindergarten Learners’ Competence in Public Elementary Schools. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 56(6), 803-812. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.560601

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