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Research Article

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Languishing Index for Underemployed Young Adults

315 reads
Joshua DeFiesta , Philip Cuizon
Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2026, 53 (5), 544-552, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.530507, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

Languishing is a state that falls in the middle of flourishing and clinical depression. This study aimed to develop a tool to measure the level of languishing of underemployed young adults. Six participants for the qualitative part wherein total of 136 for the test development part were selected to explore the experiences of languishing and explore the psychometric evaluation of the test developed. Results showed that the languishing experiences of underemployed young adults have four themes (1) Workplace and Professional Challenges, (2) Family Dynamics and Stressors, (3) Emotional and Psychological Well-being, (4) Personal Growth and Reflection. The Languishing Index for Underemployed Young Adults yields a good psychometric property with CVR of 1 for all items, a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.893 for its reliability estimate, and strong factor loading as suggested by the EFA.
Keywords mental health measurement index psychometric evaluation languishing underemployed
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The team behind this paper

2 authors, 1 institution.

This paper St. Dominic College of Asia — Philippines St. Dominic College of … 2 authors Joshua DeFiesta — corresponding author JD Joshua DeFiesta ✉ Philip Cuizon PC Philip Cuizon

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315 reads over 9 months.

March 2026 November 2026

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Philip Cuizon 0xdC37a1…686137 450,000 (45%)
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Bibliographic Information

Joshua DeFiesta, Philip Cuizon, (2026). Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Languishing Index for Underemployed Young Adults, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 53(5): 544-552
Bibtex Citation
@article{joshua_defiesta2026pemj,
author = {Joshua DeFiesta and Philip Cuizon},
title = {Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Languishing Index for Underemployed Young Adults},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2026},
volume = {53},
number = {5},
pages = {544-552},
doi = {10.70838/pemj.530507},
url = {https://scimatic.org/show_manuscript/7391}
}
APA Citation
DeFiesta, J., Cuizon, P., (2026). Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Languishing Index for Underemployed Young Adults. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 53(5), 544-552. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.530507

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