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Research Article

Navigating the Writing Maze: An Exploration of Technical -Vocational- Livelihood Students’ Writing Proficiency

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Filipinas Batchar , Leonora Mingo
Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2025, 33 (4), 460-474, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.330405, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

Senior High School students struggle with writing proficiency, which affects their academic performance and future career opportunities. This study examined the writing proficiency of Technical Vocational Livelihood (TVL) Senior High School students, focusing on content, organization, vocabulary, grammar, and mechanics. It also explored students' experiences in enhancing writing skills and identified effective instructional materials to support writing improvement. Using a Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods design, the study involved 240 students for quantitative assessment, 16 for in-depth interviews, and two focus group discussions (FGDs). Writing proficiency was assessed through an essay task evaluated with rubrics, while structured interviews and FGDs provided qualitative insights. Descriptive statistics analyzed the quantitative data, and thematic analysis was used for the qualitative findings. Results indicated that students scored below the passing threshold in all areas, averaging a "Failed" status across content, organization, vocabulary, grammar  and mechanics, highlighting significant challenges in idea development and grammatical accuracy. Qualitative analysis revealed themes such as writing challenges, support and feedback, grammar and language struggles, writing practice, obstacles and distractions, strategies, and collaboration. Both data sets underscored the need for targeted pedagogical strategies. Scaffolded instruction and redesigned curricula, including workshops and structured activities, were recommended to address these foundational areas and improve students' writing skills effectively.

Keywords mixed methods Writing Proficiency educational interventions Technical Vocational Livelihood (TVL) students academic writing challenges
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The team behind this paper

2 authors, 2 institutions.

This paper South Central Mindanao College of Science & Technology — Philippines South Central Mindanao … 1 author Notre Dame of Dadiangas University — Philippines Notre Dame of Dadiangas… 1 author Filipinas Batchar — corresponding author FB Filipinas Batchar ✉ Leonora Mingo LM Leonora Mingo

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March 2025 November 2026

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Filipinas Batchar 0x99A095…8DA323 450,000 (45%)
Leonora Mingo 0x8565c9…7493ad 450,000 (45%)
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Bibliographic Information

Filipinas Batchar, Leonora Mingo, (2025). Navigating the Writing Maze: An Exploration of Technical -Vocational- Livelihood Students’ Writing Proficiency, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 33(4): 460-474
Bibtex Citation
@article{filipinas_batchar2025pemj,
author = {Filipinas Batchar and Leonora Mingo},
title = {Navigating the Writing Maze: An Exploration of Technical -Vocational- Livelihood Students’ Writing Proficiency},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2025},
volume = {33},
number = {4},
pages = {460-474},
doi = {10.70838/pemj.330405},
url = {https://scimatic.org/show_manuscript/4672}
}
APA Citation
Batchar, F., Mingo, L., (2025). Navigating the Writing Maze: An Exploration of Technical -Vocational- Livelihood Students’ Writing Proficiency. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 33(4), 460-474. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.330405

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