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Research Article

Perceived Influence of Consumer Socialization Agents on the Spending Behavior of Tertiary Education Subsidy (TES) Grantees

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Maybell T. Dadios , Jeffrey C. Mutia , Josie Mae M. Malon , Jed Anthony Ceballos
Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2026, 63 (5), 660-671, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/PEMJ.630506, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

This study examined the perceived influence of consumer socialization agents on the spending behavior of Tertiary Education Subsidy (TES) grantees. Guided by Consumer Socialization Theory, the study determined the perceived influence of parents, peers, media, and educational institutions on students' spending behavior, compared the perceived influence of these socialization agents, and examined their relationships with spending behavior. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational research design was employed involving 30 TES beneficiaries from one public and one private higher education institution selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire that underwent expert validation, pilot testing, and reliability assessment. Descriptive statistics, the Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman's rho, and Pearson's product-moment correlation were employed for data analysis. Findings revealed that educational institutions obtained the highest perceived influence (M = 3.49), followed by parents (M = 3.09), media (M = 2.64), and peers (M = 2.29). Significant differences were found among the perceived influence levels of the consumer socialization agents (p < .001). Parental influence (ρ = .441, p = .015) and media influence (r = .407, p = .025) were significantly associated with spending behavior, whereas peer influence (r = –.010, p = .960) and educational influence (ρ = .352, p = .057) were not significantly associated. Overall, the composite consumer socialization score was significantly associated with spending behavior (r = .399, p = .029). The findings support the importance of multiple consumer socialization agents in relation to the spending behavior of TES grantees and highlight the value of strengthening financial literacy initiatives through collaborative efforts among educational institutions, families, and TES program implementers.
Keywords higher education financial literacy TES grantees spending behavior consumer socialization Socialization agents
Authors 4
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The team behind this paper

4 authors, 1 institution.

This paper University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines — Philippines University of Science a… 3 authors Maybell T. Dadios — corresponding author MD Maybell T. Dadios ✉ Jeffrey C. Mutia JM Jeffrey C. Mutia Josie Mae M. Malon JM Josie Mae M. Malon Jed Anthony Ceballos JC Jed Anthony Ceballos

1 of them has not recorded an affiliation.

Readership

108 reads over 3 months.

September 2026 November 2026

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SciMatic 0xc35709…277732 100,000 (10%)
Maybell T. Dadios 0x3A368D…b00b36 225,000 (22.5%)
Jeffrey C. Mutia 0xCcf47d…c3bE89 225,000 (22.5%)
Josie Mae M. Malon 0x6fc330…72A3C6 225,000 (22.5%)
Jed Anthony Ceballos 0x2AE7d9…a71306 225,000 (22.5%)
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Bibliographic Information

Maybell T. Dadios, Jeffrey C. Mutia, Josie Mae M. Malon, Jed Anthony Ceballos, (2026). Perceived Influence of Consumer Socialization Agents on the Spending Behavior of Tertiary Education Subsidy (TES) Grantees, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 63(5): 660-671
Bibtex Citation
@article{maybell_t._dadios2026pemj,
author = {Maybell T. Dadios and Jeffrey C. Mutia and Josie Mae M. Malon and Jed Anthony Ceballos},
title = {Perceived Influence of Consumer Socialization Agents on the Spending Behavior of Tertiary Education Subsidy (TES) Grantees},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2026},
volume = {63},
number = {5},
pages = {660-671},
doi = {10.70838/PEMJ.630506},
url = {https://scimatic.org/show_manuscript/10882}
}
APA Citation
Dadios, M.T., Mutia, J.C., Malon, J.M.M., Ceballos, J.A., (2026). Perceived Influence of Consumer Socialization Agents on the Spending Behavior of Tertiary Education Subsidy (TES) Grantees. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 63(5), 660-671. https://doi.org/10.70838/PEMJ.630506

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