Aruga Sa Mga Tagapag-Aruga: Trait Emotional Intelligence and Perceived Social Support as Predictors of Compassion Fatigue, Controlling for Demographic Characteristics, Among Houseparents at an Elderly Care Facility

This study investigated the influence of Trait Emotional Intelligence (TEI) and Perceived Social Support (PSS) on the Compassion Fatigue (CF) experienced by tagapag-aruga (houseparents) in an elderly residential facility in the Philippines. Utilizing a total population sampling or census method, the study gathered data from 70 houseparents. The research employed a descriptive-correlational and causal design, utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the predictive relationships. Results revealed that the respondents maintain a high level of psychological resilience, with 100% reporting a low level of Compassion Fatigue. Both Trait Emotional Intelligence and Perceived Social Support were found to be significant negative predictors of Compassion Fatigue, collectively explaining 34.6% (R2 = 0.346) of its variance. TEI emerged as the more dominant internal defense mechanism (β= -0.388), while PSS acted as a vital environmental buffer (β= -0.282). Interestingly, demographic variables—including age, sex, and experience—showed no significant effect on the model (f2 < 0.02), suggesting that psychological and social resources function as robust buffers that remain effective regardless of the houseparents' demographic backgrounds. The study recommends that the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) prioritize the professionalization of the houseparent role and integrate emotional intelligence training into institutional frameworks and the caregiving selection process to sustain the well-being of those caring for the elderly with complex needs.