Senior High School Students' Perceived Level of Research Competence and Difficulties: A Basis for Proposal of Intervention Programs to Address the Difficulties Encountered in Research Writing

Research is essential in advancing knowledge, shaping education, and addressing challenges in the Philippine system. In Senior High School, students develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and academic writing. Despite this, many students struggle with conceptualization, methodology, and data analysis. This study assessed the research competence and difficulties of Grade 12 students at Saint Mary’s University, Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Results show students felt competent in research conceptualization, methodology, and data collection; however, students struggled with literature management, result presentation, group cooperation, time management, statistical analysis, and interpretation. Additionally, no significant differences emerged across strand, resources, internet access, junior high background, or exposure to research training. The correlation analysis further revealed a moderately low but significant relationship, indicating that greater competence increased awareness of research challenges, while also showing that competence alone does not fully account for the challenges the students encounter. To cope, students relied on effective time management, teamwork, seeking guidance, and regular practice. Findings suggest the need to strengthen research instruction through structured mentoring, the integration of digital tools, and early research exposure, ensuring that students are better equipped to navigate the demands of the research process.