Research Article

Micro Business Owners' Bookkeeping Knowledge and Practices

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Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2025, 48 (4), 476-486, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.480401, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

Micro businesses serve as vital drivers of local economies, providing employment, generating income, and contributing to community development. Their sustainability, however, largely depends on proper financial management, with bookkeeping playing a crucial role in ensuring efficiency and long-term growth. This study investigates the bookkeeping knowledge and practices of micro business owners in Jordan, Guimaras, Philippines, during the year 2024. Using a descriptive-correlational research design, the study involved 120 micro business owners selected through purposive sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire served as the primary data collection tool. Data were analyzed using statistical methods such as frequency count, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Spearman's Rho. Findings revealed that most microbusiness owners are aged 30 years old and below, predominantly female, and college graduates. Monthly income levels broadly range from ₱10,001 to ₱20,000, with the majority operating grocery businesses for 1 to 2 years. Results revealed that 41.67% of respondents demonstrated high bookkeeping knowledge, 30% very high, and 28.34% exhibited low to moderate knowledge. Bookkeeping practices were generally excellent, with 99.2% keeping business and personal assets separate and 95.8% conducting regular reviews of credit accounts. Age (H = 8.004, p = .046), educational attainment (H = 12.917, p = .005), and monthly income (H = 22.397, p = .000) significantly influenced bookkeeping knowledge, whereas only educational attainment (χ² = 8.291, p = .040) significantly affected bookkeeping practices. A moderate positive correlation was found between bookkeeping knowledge and practices (r = .328, p = .000), indicating that higher knowledge enhances effective bookkeeping behavior. The study underscores the importance of education and training in improving bookkeeping efficiency. Recommendations include conducting workshops and seminars on bookkeeping, integrating financial management programs for micro businesses, and fostering peer mentoring among business owners to promote knowledge sharing and sustainable practices.

Keywords knowledge micro business bookkeeping Guimaras business practices
Authors 7

The team behind this paper

7 authors, 1 institution.

This paper Guimaras State University — Philippines Guimaras State Universi… 7 authors Daisy Ibieza — corresponding author DI Daisy Ibieza ✉ Mia Louise Pineda MP Mia Louise Pineda Kyle Sam Bico KB Kyle Sam Bico Liyan Luise Binueza LB Liyan Luise Binueza Ma Theresa Gandas MG Ma Theresa Gandas Revenlie Galapin RG Revenlie Galapin Kissy Cariaga KC Kissy Cariaga

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HolderWalletTokens
SciMatic 0xc35709…277732 100,000 (10%)
Daisy Ibieza 0x34d063…068771 128,574 (12.86%)
Mia Louise Pineda 0x566938…B6A6Fb 128,571 (12.86%)
Kyle Sam Bico 0x7b86ab…561a6e 128,571 (12.86%)
Liyan Luise Binueza 0xC21d35…EaA72B 128,571 (12.86%)
Ma Theresa Gandas 0x76f412…7D6420 128,571 (12.86%)
Revenlie Galapin 0xeEb8C7…D238F6 128,571 (12.86%)
Kissy Cariaga 0xa2c671…23B148 128,571 (12.86%)
Content hash 0x9fc566c6070bcf5270db8653f77a53c3946eb0f4cba821c26f0a8d4f7e1e79b3

Bibliographic Information

Daisy Ibieza, Mia Louise Pineda, Kyle Sam Bico, Liyan Luise Binueza, Ma Theresa Gandas, Revenlie Galapin, Kissy Cariaga, (2025). Micro Business Owners' Bookkeeping Knowledge and Practices, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 48(4): 476-486
Bibtex Citation
@article{daisy_ibieza2025pemj,
author = {Daisy Ibieza and Mia Louise Pineda and Kyle Sam Bico and Liyan Luise Binueza and Ma Theresa Gandas and Revenlie Galapin and Kissy Cariaga},
title = {Micro Business Owners' Bookkeeping Knowledge and Practices},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2025},
volume = {48},
number = {4},
pages = {476-486},
doi = {10.70838/pemj.480401},
url = {https://scimatic.org/show_manuscript/6605}
}
APA Citation
Ibieza, D., Pineda, M.L., Bico, K.S.., Binueza, L.L., Gandas, M.T., Galapin, R., Cariaga, K., (2025). Micro Business Owners' Bookkeeping Knowledge and Practices. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 48(4), 476-486. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.480401

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