Organizational Climate, Transformational and Ethical Leadership: A Structural Equation Model on Organizational Commitment of Teachers

This study determined the best-fit model on teachers’ organizational commitment as influenced by organizational climate, transformational and ethical leadership of school heads among public elementary schools in Region XI, Philippines. It was conducted from August to December 2022. The study used quantitative, non-experimental correlational research using Structural Equation Model (SEM). The 400 teachers among public elementary schools were determined using the stratified sampling procedure. Mean, Pearson r, and SEM were used as statistical tools. Moreover, adapted survey questionnaires were used to contextualize to the local setting. The result showed that the level of organizational climate of schools was high while the transformational and ethical leadership of school heads were very high. The organizational commitment of teachers was also very high. Further, the exogenous variables: organizational climate, transformational and ethical leadership were correlated with the endogenous variable: organizational commitment of teachers. Model 3 came out as the best-fit structural model for teachers’ organizational commitment as it indicated that by structural modifications, the organizational climate was described by trusting relationship as well as job and goal setting freedom. Transformational leadership was described by transactional and execution, while ethical leadership was measured by people orientation and integrity. On the other hand, organizational commitment was defined by affective commitment and continuance commitment. This implies that schools may focus on implementing leadership training enhancement activities for all school heads in public elementary schools as part of their staff development program.