Abstract
This study evaluated the theriogenological outcomes of transcervical artificial insemination (TCAI) using cryopreserved semen supplemented with homologous seminal plasma (SP) in domestic goats (Capra hircus). A total of 120 estrus-synchronized dairy does (Alpine and Saanen breeds) were randomly assigned to two insemination protocols: post-thaw semen supplemented with 10% (v/v) homologous seminal plasma (SP-supplemented group, n = 60) or standard Tris-citrate-fructose extender control (Control group, n = 60). Post-thaw sperm kinetic parameters were assessed via Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis (CASA), while plasma membrane and acrosome integrity were measured using the hypoosmotic swelling test and fluorescent staining. Transcervical cervical penetration depth was recorded during insemination, and pregnancy rates were confirmed via transabdominal B-mode ultrasonography at 30 and 60 days post-AI. SP supplementation significantly increased post-thaw total motility (64.2 ± 3.1% vs. 51.5 ± 2.8%; P < 0.05) and plasma membrane integrity (58.7 ± 2.4% vs. 44.1 ± 3.2%; P < 0.05). The 60-day pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the SP-supplemented group (61.7%, 37/60) compared to the control group (43.3%, 26/60; P < 0.05). Deep cervical and intrauterine deposition rates were achieved in 78.3% of all does, with SP supplementation demonstrating a marked improvement in conception among does receiving deep cervical deposition. These findings indicate that post-thaw seminal plasma supplementation effectively mitigates cryodamage and significantly enhances conception rates following TCAI, presenting a viable, non-invasive alternative to laparoscopic artificial insemination in caprine breeding programs.
