Food Habits to Have a Long Life: A Phenomenological Study of Dietary Practices Among the Elderly

This phenomenological study explored the dietary practices and lived experiences of elderly individuals in Dasmariñas, Cavite, regarding food habits they perceived as contributing to longevity. Specifically, the study examined participants’ personal beliefs about healthy eating, socio-cultural influences on food choices, daily dietary routines, and health-promoting practices associated with long life. A qualitative descriptive phenomenological design was employed to capture the participants’ experiences and perspectives regarding nutrition and healthy aging. Using convenience sampling, elderly individuals aged 72 years old and above who resided in Barangay Salawag, Dasmariñas, Cavite were selected as participants. Data were gathered through semi-structured, in-depth interviews and analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis framework. The findings revealed four major themes: (1) Personal Beliefs and Experiences as Foundations of Longevity, which highlighted discipline, moderation, and stress-free living; (2) Socio-Cultural Influences on Food Choices, emphasizing the impact of traditions, family practices, and social gatherings; (3) Daily Dietary Patterns and Meal Practices, describing structured meal routines and preference for simple home-cooked meals; and (4) Practical Recommendations and Health-Promoting Practices, which focused on portion control, natural ingredients, and traditional diets rich in vegetables and fish. Participants commonly associated longevity with moderate food intake, reduced consumption of processed and fatty foods, regular physical activity, and emotional well-being. The study concludes that healthy aging among elderly Filipinos is influenced by culturally grounded dietary practices and holistic lifestyle behaviors that promote balance, simplicity, and wellness.