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Research Article

Management Preferences, Job Satisfaction, Work Engagement, and Productivity: A Structural Model on the Sustainability of Millennial Employees in a National Government Agency in Region X

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Vinah Jeanne Maghinay , Cristine Geroy , Nenita Prado
Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2025, 50 (3), 286-297, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.500306, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

Millennial employees comprise a significant portion of today's workforce, both in the private and government sectors. Their high turnover rate, often linked to job dissatisfaction and shifting workplace expectations, has raised concerns among management most especially in a National Government Agency (NGA) in Region X. This study was conducted and aimed to develop a structural model that best represents the sustainability of millennial employees in the NGA and to assess their management preferences, job satisfaction, work engagement, and productivity. Using a descriptive-correlational research design, survey questionnaires were distributed to 571 millennial employees (aged 28–43) across five offices of an NGA in Region X, who were selected through stratified random sampling. The analysis revealed that millennial employees were generally rated as sustainable, with M = 3.80 (SD = 0.66), indicating a high level of sustainability in their current work. Pearson's r analysis revealed a positive, significant correlation among management preferences, job satisfaction, work engagement, productivity, and sustainability. The corresponding correlation coefficients were: Management Preference (r = .279), Job Satisfaction (r = .727), Work Engagement (r = .727), and Productivity (r = .312). These results indicate that all variables are positively associated with sustainability (p-value = .000), confirming statistical significance. As a result, the null hypothesis (H₀₁) was rejected. Among the nineteen (19) variables analyzed, the strongest predictors of millennial employees' sustainability were: Work and Workplace (β = 0.319), Employee Well-Being (β = 0.253), Benefits, Rewards, and Recognition (β = 0.166), Resources and Technology (β = 0.116), Psychological Safety (β = 0.099), and Autocratic Leadership (β = 0.094). The regression analysis confirmed that a combination of leadership style, workplace quality, recognition, well-being, and engagement-focused practices significantly predicts millennial employees' sustainability. The developed model, VM's Millennial Employees' Sustainability Model, emphasized how emotional, behavioral, and cognitive elements converged to shape sustainability outcomes. These findings confirm that sustainability was maximized when organizations holistically support their millennial workforce through engagement, satisfaction, and productivity.

Keywords work engagement job satisfaction productivity millennial employees employee sustainability
Authors 3
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The team behind this paper

3 authors, 1 institution.

This paper Liceo de Cagayan University — Philippines Liceo de Cagayan Univer… 3 authors Vinah Jeanne Maghinay — corresponding author VM Vinah Jeanne Maghinay ✉ Cristine Geroy CG Cristine Geroy Nenita Prado NP Nenita Prado

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356 reads over 11 months.

December 2025 October 2026

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Closest of 111 articles sharing keywords with this one. A rarer shared keyword counts for more than a common one.

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Vinah Jeanne Maghinay 0x0CD7F4…3A41Eb 300,000 (30%)
Cristine Geroy 0x37eA16…5BcA5D 300,000 (30%)
Nenita Prado 0x27f6b4…3B993e 300,000 (30%)
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Bibliographic Information

Vinah Jeanne Maghinay, Cristine Geroy, Nenita Prado, (2025). Management Preferences, Job Satisfaction, Work Engagement, and Productivity: A Structural Model on the Sustainability of Millennial Employees in a National Government Agency in Region X, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 50(3): 286-297
Bibtex Citation
@article{vinah_jeanne_maghinay2025pemj,
author = {Vinah Jeanne Maghinay and Cristine Geroy and Nenita Prado},
title = {Management Preferences, Job Satisfaction, Work Engagement, and Productivity: A Structural Model on the Sustainability of Millennial Employees in a National Government Agency in Region X},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2025},
volume = {50},
number = {3},
pages = {286-297},
doi = {10.70838/pemj.500306},
url = {https://scimatic.org/show_manuscript/6846}
}
APA Citation
Maghinay, V.J., Geroy, C., Prado, N., (2025). Management Preferences, Job Satisfaction, Work Engagement, and Productivity: A Structural Model on the Sustainability of Millennial Employees in a National Government Agency in Region X. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 50(3), 286-297. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.500306

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