Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe the experienced challenges of stakeholders in the implementation of school-based management (SBM) leadership and governance. The study employed a qualitative phenomenological research design. The participants of this study were the 9 stakeholders; 5 stakeholders underwent individual interview (IDI), while the other 4 underwent focused-group discussion (FGD). The study has three formulated themes which were the challenges, coping, and insights of stakeholders. The challenges of stakeholders in the implementation of school-based management (SBM) leadership and governance were able to formulate the following emergent themes: lack of support in SBM implementation, roles and involvement in SBM leadership, miscommunication, and initial expectations about SBM. Moreover, the coping mechanism of stakeholders in the implementation of school-based management (SBM) leadership and governance formulated the following emergent themes: conflict resolution within SBM framework, balancing SBM responsibilities with other obligations, innovative approaches to improve SBM processes, and seeking support and guidance during challenging times. The last formulated theme for the insights of stakeholders in the implementation of school-based management (SBM) leadership and governance had formulated the following emergent themes: transparency and communication within SBM, collaboration of stakeholders in SBM, and improvement of SBM.
