Monitoring National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI NLM MEDLINE humans pubmed abstract nih national institutes of health national library of medicine logistic models adult female male aged middle aged Prospective Studies statistics nonparametric Cohort Studies observational study predictive value of tests intensive care units heart rate / physiology physiologic / methods respiratory insufficiency / therapy treatment failure apache respiratory rate critical illness / therapy* pmid:27812731 doi:10.1007/s00134-016-4601-3 jun duan xiaoli han shicong huang acidosis / diagnosis consciousness / physiology hypoxia / etiology* hypoxia / therapy intubation / adverse effects physiologic / statistics & numerical data noninvasive ventilation* / statistics & numerical data oxygen inhalation therapy* respiratory insufficiency / diagnosis*