In this paper is carried out a comprehensive analysis of discharged wastewater in the Central Development Region and the economic regulation of their impact. The main objectives of this study are: 1) assessment of the centralized sanitation systems; 2) analysis of the calculation methodology and dynamics of tariffs for providing of sanitation services; 3) application of payments for the discharge of pollutants into wastewater; 4) assessment of fiscal, economic and environmental impact of applying of these tariffs and payments; 5) elaboration of recommendations for reforming the economic mechanism for regulating the impact on aquatic ecosystems.