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Research Article

Development and Implementation of a Near-Real-Time Class Scheduling System: Enhancing Efficiency and Conflict Detection

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Jerome Aguilar , June Clifford L. Cubar
I Tech Ed AMJ, 2026, 1 (1), 49-70, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23595566, ISSN
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Abstract

The Near-Real-Time Class Scheduling System (NRTCSS) is a desktop application developed in Java and SQL designed to streamline academic scheduling within a Local Area Network (LAN). The system enables multiple concurrent users to input block schedules while dynamically detecting conflicts via the ValidateSchedule algorithm, which evaluates section, instructor, and room availability based on day, time, and relational constraints. Conflicts are flagged using visual alerts, allowing immediate modifications to prevent double bookings. Upon schedule finalization, the system generates comprehensive outputs, including instructor timetables, section schedules, and room utilization charts. Deployed at Cebu Technological University (CTU) Barili Campus, the NRTCSS significantly reduced scheduling duration from several weeks to a few hours, minimized administrative inefficiencies, and received highly positive user feedback. Future enhancements will focus on migrating to a cloud-based database to improve scalability, accessibility, and data integrity.

Keywords: class scheduling, near-real-time conflict detection

Keywords software engineering educational technology real-time systems Class Scheduling Conflict Detection
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The team behind this paper

2 authors, 1 institution.

This paper Cebu Technological Univesity Cebu Technological Univ… 2 authors Jerome Aguilar — corresponding author JA Jerome Aguilar ✉ June Clifford L. Cubar JC June Clifford L. Cubar

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Bibliographic Information

Jerome Aguilar, June Clifford L. Cubar, (2026). Development and Implementation of a Near-Real-Time Class Scheduling System: Enhancing Efficiency and Conflict Detection, Innovative Technology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 1(1): 49-70
Bibtex Citation
@article{jerome_aguilar2026itemj,
author = {Jerome Aguilar and June Clifford L. Cubar},
title = {Development and Implementation of a Near-Real-Time Class Scheduling System: Enhancing Efficiency and Conflict Detection},
journal = {Innovative Technology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2026},
volume = {1},
number = {1},
pages = {49-70},
doi = {10.5281/zenodo.23595566},
url = {https://scimatic.org/index.php/show_manuscript/7831}
}
APA Citation
Aguilar, J., Cubar, J.C.L., (2026). Development and Implementation of a Near-Real-Time Class Scheduling System: Enhancing Efficiency and Conflict Detection. Innovative Technology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 1(1), 49-70. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23595566

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Supporting Information

Supplementary Materials

The supplementary materials provide additional technical details supporting the development and implementation of the Near-Real-Time Class Scheduling System (NRTCSS). These materials include the scheduling validation algorithm, database schema, and system design artifacts to enhance reproducibility and technical clarity.

Supplementary Material 1: ValidateSchedule Algorithm
Provide the detailed pseudocode used for real-time conflict detection in scheduling. This includes validation checks for instructor, room, and section conflicts based on time and day overlap.

Algorithm: ValidateSchedule

Input: New schedule entry (section, instructor, room, day, time)
Output: Conflict status

1. For each existing schedule in the database:
2.    If (same day AND overlapping time) then:
3.        Check if section is the same → conflict
4.        Check if instructor is the same → conflict
5.        Check if room is the same → conflict
6. If any conflict detected:
7.    Return "Conflict Found"
8. Else:
9.    Save schedule entry
10.   Return "No Conflict"

 

Supplementary Material 2: Database Schema and Data Dictionary
This section contains the complete structure of the database, including all tables, attributes, data types, and relationships used in the system.

databasebuild_1777944411.png

Figure: databasebuild_1777944411.png

 

Supplementary Material 3: Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD)
A high-resolution ERD illustrating the relationships among core entities such as accounts, departments, faculties, schedules, sections, and rooms.

erd2_1777943254.png

Figure: erd2_1777943254.png

System Interfaces

This section presents key user interface components of the Near-Real-Time Class Scheduling System (NRTCSS), highlighting its functionality and usability.

Figure S1. Login Interface
Displays the user authentication module with role-based access control.

nrtcsslogindi_1777951212.png

Figure: nrtcsslogindi_1777951212.png

Figure S2. Schedule Plotting Interface
Shows the main scheduling interface where users assign instructors, rooms, and time slots.

nrtcsscreatene_1777951364.png

Figure: nrtcsscreatene_1777951364.png

Figure S3. Conflict Detection Alert
Illustrates the system’s near-real-time validation mechanism, highlighting detected conflicts during schedule entry.

 

nrtcssconflict_1777951425.jpg

Figure: nrtcssconflict_1777951425.jpg

 

Figure S4. Report Generation Interface
Presents generated schedules categorized by instructor, section, and room utilization.

nrtcsexportsc_1777951477.png

Figure: nrtcsexportsc_1777951477.png