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Research Article

Effectiveness of the ARAL Reading Program and Learner Experiences Among Struggling Readers: A Mixed-Methods Study

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Renalyn Rico , Janeth Lacostales
Psych Educ Multidisc J, 2026, 65 (2), 296-312, DOI: https://doi.org/10.70838/PEMJ.650210, ISSN 2822-4353
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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of the ARAL Reading Program on the struggling readers in Grades 4, 5 and 6 of Cambang-ug Elementary School through quantitative and qualitative approaches. The pre-test and post-test showed a significant improvement in reading scores, with results well below the 0.05 alpha level, indicating the effectiveness of the program. Moreover, a thematic analysis of learners’ responses indicated that the program had a positive effect on their experiences, increasing engagement, confidence, and motivation in reading. Based on these findings, we developed an ARAL Reading Intervention Plan to assist struggling readers in developing their literacy skills. The study affirms the value of efficacious reading programs in the cultivation of literacy competencies and pleasant learning experiences, sustainable reading habits, and the holistic development of learners in primary school.
Keywords Struggling readers Reading Intervention literacy development mixed-methods study learner experiences ARAL reading program
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The team behind this paper

2 authors, 2 institutions.

This paper ug Elementary School Department of Education — Philippines ug Elementary School De… 1 author Cebu Technological University Barili Campus — Philippines Cebu Technological Univ… 1 author Renalyn Rico — corresponding author RR Renalyn Rico ✉ Janeth Lacostales JL Janeth Lacostales

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Renalyn Rico 0x5D39b1…5CFA08 450,000 (45%)
Janeth Lacostales 0xBA603e…96d324 450,000 (45%)
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Bibliographic Information

Renalyn Rico, Janeth Lacostales, (2026). Effectiveness of the ARAL Reading Program and Learner Experiences Among Struggling Readers: A Mixed-Methods Study, Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 65(2): 296-312
Bibtex Citation
@article{renalyn_rico2026pemj,
author = {Renalyn Rico and Janeth Lacostales},
title = {Effectiveness of the ARAL Reading Program and Learner Experiences Among Struggling Readers: A Mixed-Methods Study},
journal = {Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal},
year = {2026},
volume = {65},
number = {2},
pages = {296-312},
doi = {10.70838/PEMJ.650210},
url = {https://scimatic.org/index.php/show_manuscript/11203}
}
APA Citation
Rico, R., Lacostales, J., (2026). Effectiveness of the ARAL Reading Program and Learner Experiences Among Struggling Readers: A Mixed-Methods Study. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 65(2), 296-312. https://doi.org/10.70838/PEMJ.650210

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