The Brazilian agricultural production is characterized by the adoption of unsustainable practices. The lack of political-legal instruments capable to promote a change in the productive bases is noticeable. The experiences of Payment for Environmental Services (PES) programs have reached repercussions on environmental law, presenting a significant potential for an agroecological transition. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) provides subsidies for the formulation of a Payment for Environmental Services (PES) program to promote the agroecological transition in the Brazilian context, an objective already consolidated in the scope of public policies, but with still modest results.