One hundred years of neurosurgery: contributions of American women.
Abstract
The end of the first 100 years of any endeavor is an appropriate time to look back and peer forward. As neurosurgery celebrates its 1st century as a specialty, the increasing role of women neurosurgeons is a major theme. This article documents the early women pioneers in neurosurgery. The contributions of these trailblazers to the origins, academics, and professional organizations of neurosurgery are highlighted. The formation of Women in Neurosurgery in 1989 is described, as is the important role this organization has played in introducing and promoting talented women in the profession. Contributions of women neurosurgeons to academic medicine and society as a whole are briefly highlighted. Contemporary efforts and initiatives indicate future directions in which women may lead neurosurgery in its 2nd century.
Keywords
gender
history
aans = american association of neurological surgeons
cns
sns
aans
abns = american board of neurological surgery
ama = american medical association
american association of neurological surgeons
cns = congress of neurological surgeons
congress of neurological surgeons
nsa
neurosurgical society of america
sns = society of neurological surgeons
society of neurological surgeons
wins
wins = women in neurosurgery
women in neurosurgery
glass ceiling
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96832
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0x95644003c57E6F55A65596E3D9Eac6813e3566dA
Article ID:
96832
Unique Identifier:
10.3171/2019.12.JNS192878
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Scimatic Chain (ID: 481)
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