To report the diagnosis and treatment of an imported case of schistosomiasis haematobia.The patient's medical records were collected, and the clinical features, laboratory diagnosis, epidemiological survey, diagnosis and treatment were analyzed.The patient had arrived to Sudan and Egypt for many times and had a history of contact with the infested water. After returning to China, the patient reported a gross hematuria with unknown causes. Cystoscopy showed neoplasms in the bladder, and pathologic examinations showed chronic granulomatous inflammation with infiltration of plenty of plasma cells, and parasite eggs. Serological test showed positive for the dipstick dye immunoassay, and the microscopic examination of urine sediment revealed eggs. Following praziquantel treatment for a month, eggs were still detected in the urine. The case was treated with praziquantel again and cured without adverse reactions.Health education should be strengthened among China-aid-African workers to improve the awareness of self-protection. In addition, the diagnosis and treatment should be improved in medical professionals to achieve a timely definitive diagnosis.