This paper has as the main goal present the recent evolution of the eucalyptus silviculture over the agriculture border of Legal Amazon in the State of Maranhão. It’s considered the propagation of historical appropriation and commodification models of the area by large economical projects based on ore-agriculture-export, specially, the increase of the eucalyptus plantation due to the installation of the plant from the company Suzano, Paper and Cellulose in the city of Imperatriz, Maranhão State, in 2009. The methodology is to present the cartographic production and the productive chain of the paper and cellulose over the Maranhão State, we present data regarding the evolution of the eucalyptus monoculture plantation. The data obtained suggest the reproduction of the historical model of enclave economy, perpetrated by the large agroextractivist ventures in the Amazon, aimed at the production of export commodities from the unrestrained plundering of natural resources with little local socioeconomic return.