Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) is suggested as a surrogate marker for visceral adipose tissue dysfunction. It is an empirical-mathematical model, sex-specific, based on metabolic and anthropometric parameters. Diabetes mellitus is growing in an expanding fashion globally. The aim of this study to study the association between VAI and glycemic control in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).A total of 300 T2DM female aged (25-60 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Subjects were recruited from Baghdad medical city during the period from January 2017 to July 2018. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure was measured and fasting blood sample was analyzed for blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c), and lipid profile. VAI was calculated in addition to triglyceride-glucose (TyG) derived indices. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 23. The study was ethically approved.Patients with high VAI showed poor glycemic control, dyslipidemia, elevated TYG index, TYGWC and TYGBMI. The number of diabetics with poor glycemic control increased across the VAI quartiles. The area under the curve in ROC analysis demonstrated that VAI had a good predictive ability to identify the state of glycemic control as compared to other anthropometric measures (WC, BMI) or combined metabolic and anthropometric measures (TyGWC, TyGBMI).increased VAI adversely affects the glycemic control in women with T2DM.