The historical sources of medicine involve medical documents, printed books, biographies, memoirs or diary writing, and prescriptions. In addition to these, sources that have archival value should be brought to the present and interpreted in research on a subject related to the history of medicine. The value of historical data depends on the preservation of the original and being open to interpretation without changing the information included. In this study, we discuss the original form of the book named , which is a work about the history of pediatrics written by a pediatrician. Sezai Bedrettin Tümay, the writer of the book, is also a doctor who has contributed to the development of pediatrics in our country. The book, which addresses the developmental challenges of pediatrics in the study disciplines of medicine and presents its journey from past to present by using different sources of literature, contributes to the literature on the history of pediatric medicine. When evaluated in the context of the conditions of the period when it was written, bringing the book including unique information on the history of pediatrics in the Western and Eastern worlds and Turkey to the present, is important to fill a gap in literature. In the study, we aim to share a brief summary of the book with the science world after a short biography of Dr. Sezai Bedrettin Tümay.