Mollusk shell matrix proteins are important for the formation of organic frameworks, crystal nucleation, and crystal growth in Pinctada fucata martensii (P. f. martensii). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in many biological processes, including shell formation. In this study, we obtained the full-length sequence of Pif97-like gene in P. f. martensii (PfmPif97-like). PfmPif97-like was mainly distributed in mantle pallial and mantle edge. Correlation analysis indicated that the average shell thickness and weight showed a positive correlation with PfmPif97-like expression (P < 0.05). The inner surface of the nacreous layer and prismatic layer showed atypical growth when we knocked down the expression of PfmPif97-like by RNA interference (RNAi). We used a luciferase reporter assay to identify that miR-9b-5p of P. f. martensii (Pfm-miR-9b-5p) downregulated the expression of PfmPif97-like by interacting with the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) while we obtained the same result by injecting the Pfm-miR-9b-5p mimics in vivo. After injecting the mimics, we also observed abnormal growth in nacre layer and prismatic layer which is consistent with the result of RNAi. We proposed that PfmPif97-like regulated by Pfm-miR-9b-5p participates in shell formation of P. f. martensii. These findings provide important clues about the molecular mechanisms that regulate biomineralization in P. f. martensii.