A new strategy for the synthesis of polyhydroquinolines from task-specific ionic liquids (TSIL) as a soluble support was developed. The preparation of the polyhydroquinolines by a three-component reaction was achieved by using ionic liquid-phase bound beta-oxo esters. These starting functionalized esters were synthesized by a solventless transesterification without catalyst under microwave irradiation. The structure of the intermediates in each step was verified routinely by spectroscopic analysis, and after oxidation of the polyhydroquinolines grafted on the TSIL with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone or after cleavage (transesterification, saponification-acidification), the target compounds were obtained in good yields and high purities.