This paper investigates the problem of stabilization for semi-Markov chaotic systems with fuzzy sampled-data controllers, in which the semi-Markov jump has generally uncertain transition rates. The exponential stability condition is firstly obtained by the following two main techniques: To make full use of the information about the actual sampling pattern, a novel augmented input-delay-dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF) is firstly introduced. Meanwhile, a new zero-value equation is established to increase the combinations of component vectors of the resulting vector. The corresponding fuzzy sampled-data controllers are designed based on the stability condition. Finally, the validity and merits of the developed theories are shown by two numerical examples.