Vitamin D status and hypertension: a review Liang Ke,1 Rebecca S Mason,2 Maina Kariuki,3 Elias Mpofu,1 Kaye E Brock2 1Faculty of Health Sciences, 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, 3Biostatistical Officer Training Program, NSW Ministry of Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia Abstract: Vitamin D is a steroid prohormone synthesized in the skin following ultraviolet exposure and also achieved through supplemental or dietary intake. While there is strong evidence for its role in maintaining bone and muscle health, there has been recent debate regarding the role of vitamin D deficiency in hypertension based on conflicting epidemiological evidence. Thus, we conducted a scoping systematic literature review and meta-analysis of all observational studies published up to early 2014 in order to map trends in the evidence of this association. Mixed-effect meta-analysis was performed to pool risk estimates from ten prospective studies (n