This data article provides spike-timestamps of place cells recorded in a male Japanese monkey and the animal's sequential positions during the performance of a shuttling task on a rectangular track. All data were recorded in the right hippocampal CA1 subfield, while the monkey performed the task under a freely behaving condition. These were the source data on the monkey place cells in our related research article entitled "Effects of self-locomotion on the activity of place cells in the hippocampus of a freely behaving monkey" [1]. In addition, here we show a movement directional activity of a place cell in two-dimensional space as an example of data utilization. The source data are freely accessible [2] and can be used by other researchers to obtain new insights into place cells, such as functional differences between animal species.