The data presented in this article were the basis for the study reported in the research articles entitled "Characterization of unsteady cavitating flow regimes around a hydrofoil, based on an extended Schnerr-Sauer model coupled with a nucleation model" (De Giorgi et al., 2018)[1]. The reference study presented a spatio-temporal characterization of different cavitating flow regimes using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The authors evaluated the accuracy of an extended Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model. The accuracy of the numerical model has been improved by means of the introduction of a Density Correction Model of the turbulent viscosity, and a simplified Population Balance Modeling (PBM).