The eco-environmental risk assessment system of highway, based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process and specialists' ideas, is set up. To give prominence to the spatial attribute of each assessment index the weight values were determined by the magnitude of special range that was influenced by assessment index. By translating relative maps using GIS the influenced range of environmental factors, the area occupied, was gotten. The lengths impacted by disaster factors were measured by the route reconnaissance and design. The results of applying the assessment system to evaluate the eco-environmental risk assessment of G315 Yitunbulake-Qiemo section of Xinjiang show that the eco-environmental risk indices of the road region, eco-environmental risk assessment (ERA) were between 1.55-3.23. According to the heterogeneity of the ecoenvironmental vulnerability indices (sigma x(i)w(i)) and disasters indices (sigma y(i)w(j)) included in ERA, 4 risk ranks to assess the eight units of landscape ecology in the Yitunbulake-Qiemo section of G315 highway were carried out, which factually reflects the characteristics of the eco-environmental risk for the highway.