Article AbstractObjective: Sleep disturbance is common in psychiatric disorders. However, the relationships of core parameters in sleep research, such as total sleep time (TST), with depression and anxiety disorders are unclear and have rarely been investigated in large population-based studies.Method: This study was embedded in the Rotterdam Study, a community-based cohort study of elderly persons living in a district of Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Between January 2002 and December 2005, sleep parameters were assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in 5,019 persons aged 58 to 100 years. DSM-IV-TR diagnoses of depressive and anxiety disorders were ascertained by psychiatric interview (the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry for depressive disorders and a slightly adapted Munich version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for anxiety disorders). Associations between sleep parameters and psychiatric disorders were investigated with analyses of covariance and logistic regression models.Results: Both short-duration (