In the last years, in internationally context, was proved that long-termchemotherapy could have negative impact, increasing the resistance of beediseases to the medication with consequences from economic points of viewespecially on the quality of beekeeping products. In this context, the strategy ofbee diseases control was reanalyzed, the researches being reoriented throughfinding the alternative and non-polluted solutions, which could be integrated inan efficient system of bee diseases control, depending on breed, climate, andmaintaining systems. Thus, one of the research directions is the ameliorativeselection of bees for natural diseases resistance combined with other desiredmorpho-productive and behavioral characteristics, in this way a series ofspecific tests being already established. The hygienic behaviour is the primaryway to defend against some bee diseases, especially to American foulbrood(Rothenbuhler, 1964) and chalk brood (Gilliam, 1983). The honeybees with highhygienic behavior detect, uncap and remove the infested brood more rapidly thanothers, before the disease to be spread.The preliminary researches carried out inthe breeding apiaries of the Beekeeping Research and Development Institute(Bucharest) aimed to establish the natural diseases resistance degree of local beepopulations (A. m. carpathica), by applying specific tests to identify the beecolonies with high hygienic behaviour.