This paper aims to summarize the findings of research concerning the application of neural networks in traffic noise prediction. Modeling and prediction of traffic noise by means of classical approaches is a very complex and nonlinear process, due to involvement of several factors on which noise level depends. To overcome these problems, researchers and acoustical engineers have applied the artificial neural network in the field of traffic noise prediction. After a critical review of various neural network based models developed for road traffic noise prediction cited in the literature it was concluded that ANN based models were capable of predicting traffic noise more accurately and effectively as compared to deterministic and statistical models.