contamination,
association, or social communication: an examination of alternative accounts
for contagion effects
;Natalie O.
Fedotova;Paul
Rozin
nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde2018Vol. 13pp. 150-162
128
o.
fedotova2018judgmentcontamination,
association,
Abstract
Individuals avoid
objects that have been in physical contact with morally offensive or disgusting
entities. This has been called negative magical contagion, an implicit belief
in the transmission of essence by physical contact. Alternatively, individuals
may avoid a negatively contaminated object because: 1) the object is a strong
reminder of the original contagion source (association account); or 2) the act
of interacting with the object signals specific information about the self
(social communication account). We report that: 1) people often prefer to
interact with an entity that they believe is more associated with a negative
source rather than an entity that is less associated but has made physical
contact with the same negative source; 2) while an associative account requires
that contact enhances association, a study of memory for visual pairings of
objects indicates that when objects are touching, their associative link
(recall) is no greater than when they are in proximity; and 3) subjects
continue to show aversion to (prefer to wear gloves to handle) an object that
contacted a negative entity even if they are handling the object in order to
physically destroy it, hence strongly signaling their rejection of that object.
Association and social communication are at best partial accounts for contagion
effects.