Objective: To investigate the effect of hormone replacement therapy on sex hormones and tumor markers in cervical squamous cell carcinoma postoperative patients. Methods: A total of 100 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma from January 2012 to December 2014 in our hospital were selected as research objects, and the observation group (58 cases) were willing to receive hormone replacement therapy, while the control group (42 cases) were not willing to receive hormone replacement therapy, with routine treatment. Before and after treatment, the serum levels of neutral hormone and tumor markers were detected in two groups of patients. Results: Before treatment, there were no significant differences in serum E2, FSH and LH levels between the two groups (all P>0.05); after treatment, in the observation group compared with before treatment, the level of serum E2 increased significantly (P<0.05), and was significantly higher than the control group after treatment (P<0.05), compared with before treatment, serum FSH and LH levels decreased significantly (P<0.05), and were significantly lower than those of the control group after treatment(P<0.05); in the control group after treatment, the serum E2 level was slightly decreased, FSH and LH levels were slightly elevated, but there was no statistical difference (all P>0.05). Before and after treatment, the levels of serum SCC-Ag, VEGF-C, M MP-2 and MMP-9 showed no significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The use of hormone replacement therapy in cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients can significantly improve the adverse symptoms caused by low estrogen, improve the quality of life of patients, and not affect the prognosis of patients in the short term.