social orienting of children with autism to facial expressions and speech: a study with a wearable eye-tracker in naturalistic settings

social orienting of children with autism to facial expressions and speech: a study with a wearable eye-tracker in naturalistic settings

;Silvia eMagrelli;Patrick eJermann;Noris eBasilio;Francois eAnsermet;Francois eHentsch;Jaqueline eNadel;Aude eBillard
accounts of chemical research 2013 Vol. 4 pp. -
220
emagrelli2013frontierssocial

Abstract

This study investigates attention orienting to social stimuli in children with Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) during dyadic social interactions taking place in real-life settings. We study the effect of social cues that differ in complexity and distinguish between social cues produced by facial expressions of emotion and those produced during speech. We record the children's gazes using a head-mounted eye-tracking device and report on a detailed and quantitative analysis of the motion of the gaze in response to the social cues. The study encompasses a group of children with ASC from 2 to 10-years old (n=14) and a group of typically developing (TD) children (n=17) between 3 and 6-years old.While the two groups orient overtly to facial expressions, children with ASC do so to a lesser extent. Children with ASC differ importantly from TD children in the way they respond to speech cues, displaying little overt shifting of attention to speaking faces. When children with ASC orient to facial expressions, they show reaction times and first fixation lengthssimilar to those presented by TD children. However, children with ASC orient to speakingfaces slower than TD children. These results support the hypothesis that individuals affected by ASC have difficulties processing complex social sounds and detecting intermodal correspondence between facial and vocal information. It also corroborates evidence that people with ASC show reduced overt attention towards social stimuli.

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10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00840
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