This text addresses a study that aimed to identify the system of teaching-learning activity which best propitiates the development of strategies of self-regulation of learning in two first-year classes of formal literacy in French schools. The research development was carried out according to a qualitative observational perspective, inspired by the mixed conception of ethnographic methodology and activity theory. The results showed that the activities carried out in the Interdisciplinary Teaching category provided greater opportunities for the evolution of self-regulation strategies in students, enabling teachers to act as mediators in the process of developing self-regulation of learning.