The need for conservative dentistry treatment for the elderly is different to the need of the other age group. Usually the main problem is root surface caries which in the future will increase in accordance with the demographic changes so that the aging population with longer retention of teeth wil also increase. Conservative treatment for the elderly especially endodontic treatment will be reviewed preceded by characteristics and treatment of root surface caries as well as the treatment of abrasion and erosion which often occur in the aging patients.