The social emancipation has been, since the 18th century, a goal of the western modern thinking which could be reached by the use of reason. Although, since that the modern projects, seeking the emancipation, ended up in the World Wars and in the Soviet Socialism and that the Capitalism, as “winning alternative”, is not capable of distribute the promised progress, the western modern rationality is in a deep crisis. Experiences such as the Communal Councils in Venezuela, from the fi rst decade of 2000, show up as alternatives capable of renewing the emancipation.