Thresholding segmentation based on fuzzy entropy and intelligent optimization is one of the most commonly used and direct methods. This paper takes fuzzy Kapur’s entropy as the best optimal objective function, with modified quick artificial bee colony algorithm (MQABC) as the tool, performs fuzzy membership initialization operations through Pseudo Trapezoid-Shaped (PTS) membership function, and finally, according to the image’s spacial location information, conducts local information aggregation by way of median, average, and iterative average so as to achieve the final segmentation. The experimental results show that the proposed FMQABC (fuzzy based modified quick artificial bee colony algorithm) and FMQABCA (fuzzy based modified quick artificial bee colony and aggregation algorithm) can search out the best optimal threshold very effectively, precisely, and speedily and in particular show exciting efficiency in running time. This paper experimentally compares the proposed method with Kapur’s entropy-based Electromagnetism Optimization (EMO) method, standard ABC, and FDE (fuzzy entropy based differential evolution algorithm), respectively, and concludes that MQABCA is far more superior to the rest in terms of segmentation quality, iterations to convergence, and running time.