diagnose nutricional de cafeeiros da região do alto jequitinhonha (mg): normas dris e faixas críticas de nutrientes nutritional diagnosis of coffee plantations in the upper jequitinhonha valley, minas gerais state, brazil: dris norms and critical nutrient ranges

diagnose nutricional de cafeeiros da região do alto jequitinhonha (mg): normas dris e faixas críticas de nutrientes nutritional diagnosis of coffee plantations in the upper jequitinhonha valley, minas gerais state, brazil: dris norms and critical nutrient ranges

;Múcio Mágno de Melo Farnezi;Enilson de Barros Silva;Paulo Tácito Gontijo Guimarães
Revista de saude publica 2009 Vol. 33 pp. 969-978
210
farnezi2009revistadiagnose

Abstract

As normas do Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação (DRIS) ainda não foram estabelecidas para a cultura do café do Alto Jequitinhonha, MG, o que impede que o DRIS seja aplicado nos cafeeiros da região. A diagnose foliar, mediante o uso do DRIS e de faixas críticas de referência, destaca-se entre as ferramentas potenciais que permitem usar eficientemente os fertilizantes. Desse modo, este trabalho objetiva estabelecer as normas DRIS, bem como estimar os valores das faixas críticas dos nutrientes de referência para a diagnose nutricional de cafeeiros da região do Alto Jequitinhonha, por meio do DRIS. Determinaram-se os teores foliares de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn em 52 lavouras cafeeiras, em duas safras (2005 e 2006). Foram selecionadas, para estabelecer as normas DRIS, 23 lavouras em cada safra com produtividade maior e igual a 30 sacas de grãos de café por hectare. As faixas críticas obtidas do DRIS, determinando-se a frequência com que o teor de cada nutriente das lavouras nas duas safras foi deficiente, adequado ou excessivo em relação aos padrões mencionados e teores considerados adequados pela literatura. As normas DRIS foram estabelecidas para cafeeiros da região do Alto Jequitinhonha e utilizadas para propor faixas críticas adequadas. Para isso, foram estabelecidos os valores para N (2,25-2,79 dag kg-1), P (0,18-0,22 dag kg-1), K (1,72-2,10 dag kg-1), Ca (1,26-1,51 dag kg-1), Mg (0,29-0,35 dag kg-1), S (0,13-0,32 dag kg-1), B (83,8-96,3 mg kg-1), Cu (5,7-9,3 mg kg-1), Fe (67,5-116,2 mg kg-1), Mn (219-422 mg kg-1) e Zn (17,4-30,0 mg kg-1), e faixas críticas adequadas para diagnose nutricional de cafeeiros da região do Alto Jequitinhonha, no Estado de Minas Gerais. Os cafezais da região em desequilíbrio apresentaram deficiência em P, K, S, B, Cu, Mn e Zn e excesso de Ca, Mg e Fe.
In the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS), norms for coffee in the Upper Jequitinhonha Valley, Minas Gerais, Brazil, have not been established yet. The lack of these norms hinders the application of the DRIS to the coffee plantations in the region. The foliar diagnosis, based on the DRIS and on critical reference ranges, stands out among the tools that allow an efficient use of fertilizers. This study aimed to determine DRIS norms as well as to establish values of the critical nutrient ranges of reference for the nutritional diagnosis of coffee in the Upper Jequitinhonha Valley, by the DRIS. The foliar concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn in 52 coffee plantations were determined in two cropping years (2005 and 2006). To establish DRIS norms 23 plantations were chosen, with yields higher than or equal to 30 sacks of coffee grain per hectare in each harvest. The critical nutrient ranges for the DRIS were obtaind by determinig the frequency with which each nutrient content of the plantations in two harvests was deficient, adequate or excessive according to the cited standards and sufficiency ranges reported in the literature. The DRIS norms were established for coffee in the region of the Upper Jequitinhonha Valley and used to propose appropriate critical ranges. For this purpose, the following values were proposed: for N (2.25-2.79 kg dag-1), P (0.18-0.22 kg dag-1), K (1.72-2.10 kg dag-1), Ca (1.26-1.51 kg dag-1), Mg (0.29-0.35 kg dag-1), S (0.13-0.32 kg dag-1), B (83.8-96.3 mg kg-1), Cu (5.7-9.3 mg kg-1), Fe (67.5 - 116.2 mg kg-1), Mn (219-422 mg kg-1), and for Zn (17.4-30.0 mg kg-1). In regional coffee plantations with inadequate nutrition deficiencies of P, K, S, B, Cu, Mn, and Zn were observed as well as excessive contents of Ca, Mg and Fe.

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