physical and electrical properties enhancement of rare-earth doped-potassium sodium niobate (knn): a review

physical and electrical properties enhancement of rare-earth doped-potassium sodium niobate (knn): a review

;Akmal Mat Harttat Maziati;Warikh Aabd Rashid Mohd;Azlan Umar Al Amani
european journal of organic chemistry 2015 Vol. 59 pp. 158-163
107
maziati2015ceramics-siliktyphysical

Abstract

Alkaline niobate mainly potassium sodium niobate, (KxNa1-x) NbO3 (abreviated as KNN) has long attracted attention as piezoelectric materials as its high Curie temperature (Tc) and piezoelectric properties. The volatility of alkaline element (K, Na) is, however detrimental to the stoichiometry of KNN, contributing to the failure to achieve high-density structure and lead to the formation of intrinsic defects. By partially doping of several rare-earth elements, the inherent defects could be improved significantly. Therefore, considerable attempts have been made to develop doped-KNN based ceramic materials with high electrical properties. In this paper, these research activities are reviewed, including dopants type and doping role in KNN perovskite structure.

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