Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh karakteristik gender dan motivasi belajar, baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan, terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas VI SD Negeri di Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis ex-post facto. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas VI SD Negeri di Kabupaten Pekalongan sebanyak 12.056. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 393 siswa ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik area sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen angket dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan regresi dengan variabel dummy, regresi sederhana, dan regresi berganda. Analisis dilakukan pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Penelitian menunjukkan hasil sebagai berikut. (1) Tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan (p > 0,05) karakteristik gender terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa. (2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan (p < 0,05) motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa dengan kontribusi sebesar 44,6%. (3) Secara bersama-sama terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan (p< 0,05) antara karakteristik gender dan motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa dengan kontribusi sebesar 44,8%. Kata kunci: karakteristik gender, motivasi belajar, prestasi belajar matematika   THE EFFECTS OF GENDER CHARACTERISTICS AND LEARNING MOTIVATION ON MATHEMATICS LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL Abstract This study aims to investigate the effects of gender characteristics and learning motivation separately and simultaneously on mathematics learning achievement of Elementary School Sixth Grade Students in Pekalongan District. This study used quantitative approach with the ex-post facto types. The population of this study was grade six students of public elementary schools in Pekalongan numbered 12,056. While the sample of 393 students was determined using the technique of sampling area. Data were collected using questionnaires and documentation. Data were analyzed using regression with dummy variables, simple regression, and multiple regression. The analyses were carried out at significance level of 5%. Research shows the following results. (1) There is no significant effect (p > 0.05) of gender characteristics on students mathematics learning achievement. (2) There is a significant effect (p < 0.05) of learning motivation on students mathematics learning achievement with a contribution of 44.6%. (3) Simultaneously, there is a significant effect (p < 0.05) of gender characteristics and learning motivation on students mathematics learning achievement with a contribution of 44.8%. Keywords: gender characteristics, learning motivation, mathematics learning achievement