Artificial Insemination of 'Azawak' and 'Gourunsi' Cows in Burkina Faso. The œstrus synchronization and the fertility after artificial insemination of 'Azawak' (Bos indicus, n = 66) and 'Gourunsi' (Bos taurus, n = 20) cows were monitored in periurban soudano-sahelian area of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso. The synchronization was performed by the application of subcutaneous progestagen implants, placed on the ear for 10 days, followed by prostaglandin F2a and PMSG injections respectively at the & h and 10th day after the insert of the implant. The rate of œstrus observed by the farmer was 94.2 % in the 48 hours fol-lowing the withdrawal of the implant. It varied significantly according to the groups 'Azawak' and 'Gourunsi' (100 %> and 75 %, respectively). The rates of fertility determined by rectal palpation in 'Azawak' and 'Gourunsi' females were 24.2 % and 10 %, respectively. The fertility varied according to the time of insemination : when the females were inseminated 36 to 48 hours after the withdrawal of the implants the rate of fertility was weak (0 to 12.5 % for 'Gourunsi' and 'Azawak' cows, respectively). When inseminations were perfomed 24 to 36 hours after the withdrawal of the implant, the rates of fertility were respectively 42.3 % and 50 % for 'Azawak' and Gourunsi' groups.