Objective: To study the relationship of vitamin D deficiency with glucolipid metabolism and insulin resistance in obese children. Methods: A total of 40 cases of obese children, 40 cases of overweight children and 40 cases of healthy children were studied and enrolled in obese group, overweight group and control group respectively, and serum was collected to detect 1, 25-(OH)2D3 content, glucolipid metabolism indicator and adipocytokine content. Results: Serum 1, 25-(OH)2D3 content of three groups were different and showed the trend of control group>overweight group>obese group; the trend of FINS, TC, TG and LDL content as well as HOMA-IR was control groupoverweight group>obese group; 1, 25-(OH)2D3 content was negatively correlated with FINS, TC, TG, LDL, HOMAIR, APN, Nesfatin-1, Apelin, Omentin-1 and Vaspin, and positively correlated with HDL; APN, Nesfatin-1, Apelin, Omentin-1 and Vaspin content in obese and overweight children with 1, 25-(OH)2D3 deficiency were lower than those in children with normal 1, 25-(OH)2D3. Conclusions: Serum 1, 25-(OH)2D3 content significantly decreases in obese children, and 1, 25-(OH)2D3 deficiency will reduce the synthesis and secretion of adipocytokines so as to cause insulin resistance and then lead to glucolipid metabolism disorder.