the role of sea-salt emissions and heterogeneous chemistry in the air quality of polluted coastal areas

the role of sea-salt emissions and heterogeneous chemistry in the air quality of polluted coastal areas

;E. Athanasopoulou;M. Tombrou;S. N. Pandis;A. G. Russell
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2008 Vol. 8 pp. 5755-5769
156
athanasopoulou2008atmosphericthe

Abstract

Open-ocean and surf-zone sea-salt aerosol (SSA) emission parameterizations are incorporated in the CAMx aerosol model and applied over an area with an extended Archipelago (Greece), with a fine grid nested over the highly populated Attica peninsula. The maximum indirect impact of SSA on PM<sub>10</sub> mass (35%) is located over a marine area with moderate SSA production and elevated shipping emissions (central Aegean Sea) where SSA interacts with anthropogenic nitric acid forming sodium nitrate. SSA increases PM<sub>10</sub> levels in the Athens city center up to 25% during stable onshore winds. Under such conditions both open-ocean and surf-zone mechanisms contribute to aerosol production over Attica. A hybrid scheme for gas-to-particle mass transfer is necessary for accurately simulating semi-volatile aerosol components when coarse SSA is included. Dynamically simulating mass transfer to the coarse particles leads to a quadrupling of predicted PM<sub>10</sub> nitrate in the Athens city center and up to two orders of magnitude in its coarse mass in comparison to using a bulk equilibrium approach.

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