The study is based on the construction and application of a sequence of teaching and learning, built collectively with an interdisciplinary vision and focused on a discussion about the topic “internationalization of Amazon” following a STS approach, by means of the controlled controversy technique applied on a private High School of Rio de Janeiro. It begins with a brief digression on teaching as a skill developer, a review about the story of the STS approach and its implications to scientific teaching as a significant learning way. The main questions that guided the research aimed to identify the following elements: student's previous ideas about subjects related to the Internalization of Amazon; the ways in which students and teachers have integrated themselves to the methodology used; the way in which students would use scientific concepts regarding a proposed problem; the proposed problem’s contribution to the development of competences and cognitive skills, in order to form citizens out of students. The analysis of the process was theoretically founded on Case Study, trough the STS focus as a promotion of the scientific alphabetization