The aim: to optimize the diagnosis of the calcium-phosphorus metabolism disorders and to control the effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic use of vitamin D and calcium in children with bronchial asthma. Materials and methods. A total of 120 children in 2 groups, 60 subjects in each, were examined: 1 — children with bronchial asthma; 2 — apparently healthy children (control group). Two courses of therapy with solution of vitamin D3 and calcium carbonate/citrate were applied: 4 weeks — 2,000 IU and 1,000 mg per day, respectively; 8 weeks — 1,000 IU and 500 mg a day, respectively. Results. Among children with bronchial asthma, there was a decrease in the number of patients with normal serum levels of total calcium (P < 0.05), osteocalcin (P < 0.05), parathyroid hormone (P < 0.05), collagen type 1 C-telopeptides (P < 0.05), 25(OH)D (P < 0.05), alkaline phosphatase activity (P < 0.05). After 1 month of therapy, the number of children with normal alkaline phosphatase activity (P < 0.05), osteocalcin (P < 0.05), collagen type 1 C-telopeptides (P < 0.05) increased; in 3 months — total calcium (P < 0.05), 25(OH)D (P < 0.05). Conclusions. The use of vitamin D3 and calcium solution normalizes bone metabolism parameters in children with bronchial asthma. The optimal time to control the effectiveness of medical recovery of bone metabolism in children with bronchial asthma is 3 months.